Forensic File Integrity & Analysis

Every file,
an exhibit
to examine.

Probatio computes hashes, verifies integrity and analyses files and images with forensic rigor — metadata, signatures, C2PA. It reports everything in a defensible report, locally: nothing leaves your machine.

Everything local 18 hash algorithms macOS · Windows Suspicious PDFs sandboxed
reperto-01.dd
4.2 GB · forensic image
SHA-256
Computed hash
Expected e3b0c4…52b855 · acquisition hash
Computing hash…
Match
The computed hash matches the expected one: the file is intact.
Security · PDF

Open a suspicious PDF
without taking risks

A PDF is not a sheet of paper: it is a format with a programming language inside. A normal reader (Acrobat, Preview) runs it: it fires the JavaScript, follows the open actions and lets it contact the outside. Probatio opens it in a three-layer sandbox: the document is interpreted, not executed; the window has no network; the raw bytes are parsed outside the application. If the first layer falls, the other two remain.

  • No script executed — JavaScript, OpenAction, external commands and links do not fire: the rendering engine has eval and scripting disabled.
  • No connection — the window cannot reach the outside: no «phone home», nobody learns that you opened the file.
  • Parsing outside the application — the PDF bytes are read by a separate helper with a memory cap, a CPU cap and a timeout: a malformed file brings down the helper, not Probatio.
  • On macOS the OS enforces it — a sandbox-exec profile denies network, writes outside the work folder and spawning other processes: it is the kernel that refuses, not an in-app check.
  • See what the PDF hides — hidden text and active code extracted and shown, not executed; the original is never touched.

Honesty: OS-enforced confinement is active on macOS (a sandbox-exec profile) and on Windows (a restricted-token Job object): no network, no writes outside the work folder. No sandbox makes a file harmless anyway: this is why Probatio never sanitizes silently and, when needed, offers a deep clean that rebuilds the document, discards embedded font programs and neutralizes dangerous-codec images (JBIG2/JPX).

Part of the AcquisizioniForensi suite

Acquire with CERTO, examine and sign with Probatio

One chain of custody, two complementary tools: CERTO and LOCUS create the evidence, Probatio examines, verifies and signs it. With Probatio you also re-check the bundles produced by CERTO/LOCUS: structure, Ed25519 signature and timestamps.

One panel, all the tools

Every step of the analysis, in one app

From a single fingerprint to a whole-volume inventory. The modules share the same engine: consistent, reproducible, defensible results.

Hash

Digests with 18 algorithms in a single read of the file. Recent files, CSV/JSON export.

Verify

Expected hash with auto-detect, or SHA256SUMS / MD5SUMS checksum files in batch.

Compare

Two files A/B: identical or different, algorithm by algorithm, with verdict and export.

Hex

Hex/ASCII view with real virtual scroll, hex/text search, data inspector, go-to-offset.

Diff

Byte-by-byte binary comparison: difference count and jump to the first one.

Analysis

File dossier: type↔extension, entropy, strings, executable headers, ssdeep, YARA, C2PA.

Image analysis

JPEG structure, quantization tables, EXIF/GPS/IPTC/XMP, ICC, C2PA — with PDF report.

Image compare

Perceptual hashes aHash/dHash/pHash with distances and side-by-side PDF report.

Forensic image

Verify the integrity of E01/EWF and DD/raw disk images against the acquisition hash, with metadata and bad sectors.

BagIt package

Validate BagIt (RFC 8493) packages and CERTO/LOCUS bundles end-to-end: Ed25519 signature, RFC 3161 timestamps, CASE/UCO.

Digital signature

Verify and apply CAdES/PAdES/XAdES/JAdES signatures with a smartcard, CIE or remote cloud signing; eIDAS/QSCD, AgID, OCSP.

Timestamp

Apply and verify RFC 3161 timestamps: only the SHA-256 hash leaves your device.

Monitoring

Real-time folder watch: creations, modifications and deletions.

Inventory

Recursive scan of folders and volumes: type, size, metadata and content date in SQLite, with PDF report.

Timeline

Chronological reconstruction of file events: filesystem and content dates, per scan.

History

Every scan is saved and re-openable from the inventory, with folder, date and status.

Tools

PDF and image utilities: deep-clean (discards embedded font programs and neutralizes dangerous-codec images), remove password, sanitize, strip metadata, rename by hash.

PDF workbench

Open a PDF in an isolated sandbox: no JavaScript executed, no network. Inspect provenance and hidden text, redact, annotate, sign.

The file dossier

Not just a hash:
the artefact's whole story

The Analysis module assembles a complete dossier reusing every engine in the app. It reveals what a file declares — and what it hides.

  • Content Credentials C2PA — JUMBF + CBOR parser with all keys and cryptographic signature validation (COSE / X.509).
  • YARA rules applied by a built-in engine, with rules from an updatable endpoint.
  • Entropy, strings and executable headers PE/ELF/Mach-O, ssdeep fuzzy hash, contextual embedded signatures.
Defensible in court

Built around trust in the result

In forensics the binary and the method are part of the evidence. Probatio is deterministic, verifiable and depends on no external services.

18
hash algorithms computed in a single pass over the file
0 byte
uploaded to the network: hashing, metadata and reports all run locally
RFC 3161
report timestamping via an accredited TSA, verifiable with OpenSSL
2
supported desktop platforms: macOS and Windows
Full set of algorithms
MD5 SHA-1 SHA-224 SHA-256 SHA-384 SHA-512 SHA-512/224 SHA-512/256 SHA3-224 SHA3-256 SHA3-384 SHA3-512 RIPEMD-160 BLAKE2b BLAKE2s BLAKE3 CRC32 XXH3
One engine, every system

On the desktop today, in the field tomorrow

macOS

Apple Silicon (arm64), signed and notarized.

Windows

Installer with a "Hash with Probatio" context-menu entry.

In action

A sober interface for rigorous work

Dark-first, data-dense and no-nonsense: every module shows verifiable results and exports them to defensible reports. Everything local, no cloud.

Probatio interface
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

How much does Probatio cost?
You can try it free for 10 days; then an annual licence of €49/year covers all modules and updates. No hidden costs.
Are my files uploaded online?
No. Hashing, metadata extraction, analysis and reports all happen on your device: no file leaves the machine.
Which hash algorithms does it support?
Eighteen, including MD5, SHA-1, SHA-2 and SHA-3, RIPEMD-160, BLAKE2/3 and the fast checksums CRC32 and XXH3.
Which operating systems does it run on?
On macOS and Windows desktop.
Is it suitable for forensic and evidentiary use?
Yes: it is deterministic, verifiable and does not depend on external services. Legal admissibility and chain of custody remain the professional's responsibility.
Is it dangerous to open a suspicious PDF?
Yes. A PDF is not a sheet of paper: it contains a programming language, and a normal reader (Acrobat, Preview) executes it — it runs the JavaScript, follows the open actions and lets it call out to the network. Probatio opens it in a sandbox with the network blocked, no child processes and writing confined: you can examine it without executing it.
What is a hash and what is it for?
A hash is a fixed-length code computed from a file's contents: if even a single bit changes, the code changes completely. It therefore proves that a file is identical to the original — it is the fingerprint the whole digital chain of custody rests on.
How do I check that a file has not been modified?
You compare the hash computed now with the one recorded at acquisition time: if they match, the file is intact bit for bit; if they differ, it has been altered. Probatio performs the comparison and records it in the report, without the file ever leaving your machine.
Can you tell whether an image was generated by artificial intelligence?
Probatio reads C2PA content credentials, the standard with which generators declare an image's origin, alongside EXIF/XMP metadata and signatures. These are strong indicators when present, but their absence does not prove an image is authentic: they can be stripped.
What is the difference between Probatio and C.E.R.T.O.?
C.E.R.T.O. acquires evidence that lives online (a page, a chat, an email) and certifies it. Probatio examines a file you already have: it computes its hashes, verifies its integrity, analyses it and produces a report. The first creates the evidence, the second checks it.
Which hash algorithms are used in forensics?
SHA-256 is today's standard; MD5 and SHA-1 are still required for compatibility with older chain-of-custody procedures and tools, even though they are no longer collision-resistant. Probatio supports 18 of them, including SHA-3, BLAKE2/3 and RIPEMD-160.
Does Probatio work without an internet connection?
Yes. Hashing, analysis, metadata extraction and report generation all happen on your computer and need no network. That is why it can be used on confidential material or material under investigative secrecy.
What kind of report does Probatio produce?
A defensible report: it lists the files examined, the hashes computed with each algorithm, the outcome of the integrity checks and the analysis results (metadata, signatures, C2PA, PDF examination). Being deterministic, anyone can repeat the same operations and obtain the same values.
Licence

One price, everything included

Try it free for 10 days, then a single annual licence unlocks every module. No metered subscription, no surprises.

10-day free trial
49 / year
  • All modules: hashing, analysis, images, forensic image E01, BagIt, CAdES/PAdES/XAdES/JAdES signing, timestamping, inventory…
  • Up to 5 devices per licence
  • Updates included for the whole year
  • Everything local: no file leaves your device

One-off annual licence (does not auto-renew). Secure payment with Stripe.

Put your files to the test

Download Probatio and start computing hashes, verifying integrity and analysing files and images. 10-day free trial, then an annual licence. Everything local, no cloud.

Site preview — builds and download links in preparation.